Article exists only in Russian.

Abstract:

Recent decades exhibit a tendency to the rise of gynecological malignant tumors occurence, which makes a substantial contribution to women mortality rate. Wide application of surgery makes it crucial to specify the nature of a lesion, its location, and the degree of the neighboring tissue and lymphatic nodes involvement. Early recognition, accurate staging and localization, and timely recurrent tumor detection are the primary tasks of radiodiagnostics. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging show good results in gynecological tumors detection.

Clinical application of new radiological methods develops the diagnostic accuracy, decreases the number of errors and improves the survival rate. The basic radiological diagnostic procedures and the possibilities of their clinical application are discussed in the article in a form of the survey of literature.

Reference

1.     Альбицкий В.Ю. и др. Репродуктивное здоровье и поведение женщин в России. Казань: Медицина. 2001; 25-27.

2.     Parker S.L. et al. Cancer statistics. Cancer. J. Clin.1996; 65: 5-27.

3.     Берека Дж. и др. Гинекология по Эмилю Новаку. Пер. с англ. М. 2002; 731-770.

4.     Карселадзе А.И. Морфология эпителиальныхяичников. Дис. д-ра мед. наук. М. 1989; 10-12.

5.     Хендлер Ф. Карцинома яичников. Пер. с англ.М. 2004; 1045-1067.

6.     Онкологическая гинекология. Тексты клинических лекций. М.: Изд-во Университетадружбы народов. 1985; 256.

7.     БолдогоеваИ.М. Совершенствование инструментальных методов в диагностике ракаяичников. Дис. кан. мед. наук. Уфа. 2007.

8.     Жорданиа К.И. Некоторые аспекты диагностики и лечения рака яичников. Русскиймедицинский журнал. 2003; 5: 7-8.

9.     Озолиня Л.А. и др. Цитостатики при ракеяичников и решение проблемы безопасности их применения для медицинского персонала. Русский врач. 2004; 3: 5-6.

10.   Bourne Т.Н., Reynolds K., Campbell S.Ovarian cancer screening. Curr. Opin. Radiol.1991; 3 (2): 216-224.

11.   Урманчеева А. Ф., Кутушева Г. Ф. Диагностика и лечение опухолей яичника. Монография. М. 2003.

12.   Edelman R. et al. Clinical MagneticResonance Imaging. Philadelphia: W.B.Saunders. 2006; 3: 2974-3002.

13.   Урманчеева А.Ф., Мешкова И.Е. Вопросыэпидемиологии и диагностики рака яичников. Практическая онкология. 2000; 4: 8-20.

14.   Reznek Rodney et al. Cancer of the Ovary.Cambridge university press. 2007-2177.

15.   BerekJ.S., Hacker N.F. Ovarian and fallopiantubes. In: C.M. Haskell (ed.). CancerTreatment (4th ed.). Philadelphia: W. B.Saunders. 1995.

16.   Hamm B., Ferstner R. MRI and CT of thefemele pelvis. Germany: Springer. 2007; 50-75.

17.   Sohaib S. A., Sahdev A., Van Trappen P. O. etal. Characterization of adnexal mass lesionson MR imaging. Am. J. Roentgenol. 2003; 180:1297-1304.

18.   Kurjak A. et al. Transvaginal ultrasound colorflow and Doppler waveform of the post-menopausal adnexal mass. Obstet. Gynecol.1992;80: 917-921.

19.   Brown D.L., Frates M.C., Laing F.C. et al. Ovarian masses: can benign and malignant lesions be differentiated with color and pulsed Doppler US? Radiology. 1994; 190: 330-336.

20.   Демидов В.И. и др. Пограничные опухоли,рак и редкие опухоли яичников. М. 2005;5-106.

21.   Marret H., Sauget S., Giraudeau B. et al.Contrast-enhanced sonography helps in discrimination of benign from malignant adnexal masses. J. Ultrasound. Med. 2004; 23:1629-1639.

22.   Hillaby K. et al. The value of detection ofnormal ovarian tissue (the «ovarian crescentsign») in the differential diagnosis of adnexalmasses. Ultrasound. Obstet. Gynecol. 2004; 23:63-67.

23.   Guerriero S., Alcazar J.L., Ajossa S. et al.Comparison of conventional colour Dopplerimaging and power Doppler imaging for thediagnosis of ovarian cancer: results of aEuropean study. Gynecol. Oncol. 2001; 83:299-304.

24.   Low R.N., Carter W.D., Saleh E et al. Ovariancancer: comparison of findings with perfluorocarbon-enhanced MR imaging, In-111-CYT-103 immunoscintigraphy and CT. Radiology.1995; 195: 391-400.

25.   Williams S.D. Germ cell tumors. In: R.F. Ozols(ed.), Ovarian Cancer. Philadelphia: W.B.Saunders. 1992; 967-974.

26.   Thurnher S., Hodler J., Baer S. et al.Gadolinium-DOTA enhanced MR imaging ofadnexal tumors. J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr. 1990;14: 939-949.

27.   Rohren E.M., Turkington T.G., Coleman R.E.Clinical applications of PET in oncology.Radiology. 2004; 231: 305-332.

28.   Therasse S. G. et al. New guidelines to evaluate the response to treatment in solid tumors.European Organization for Research andTreatment of Cancer, National CancerInstitute of the United States, NationalCancer Institute of Canada. J. Natl. Cancer.Inst. 2000; 92: 205-216.

29.   Avril А., Sassen S., Schmalfeldt B. et al.Prediction of response to neoadjuvantchemotherapy by sequential F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in patients with advanced-stage ovarian cancer.J. Clin. Oncol. 2005; 23: 7445-7453.

30.   Willemse P.H. et al. Interaperitoneal humanrecombinant interferon alfa-2b in minimal residual ovarian cancer. Eur. J. Cancer. 1990; 26: 353-358.

31.   Yamashita Y., Torashima M., Hatanaka Y. et al.Adnexal masses: accuracy of characterizationwith transvaginal US and precontrast andpostcontrast MR imaging. Radiology. 1995;194: 557-565.

32.   Forstner R., Hricak H., Powell C.B. et al.Ovarian cancer recurrence: value of MRimaging. Radiology. 1995; 196: 715-720.

33.   Komatsu T. et al. Adnexal masses: transvaginalUS and gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging assessment of intratumoral structure. Radiology. 1996; 198: 109-115.

34.   Low R.N., Saleh F., Song S.Y. et al. Treatedovarian cancer: comparison of MR imagingwith serum CA-125 level and physical examination - a longitudinal study. Radiology. 1999;211:519-528.

35.   Prayer L., Kainz C., Kramer J. et al. CT andMR accuracy in the detection of tumorrecurrence in patients treated for ovariancancer. J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr. 1993; 17:626-632.

Abstract:

Technological advance in multislice computed tomography (MSCT) set the radiologists all over the world thinking of its application in patients with ischemic heart disease. Proved diagnostic efficiency of 64-slice MSCT coronary angiography nominates the technique to be a first-line screening method for coronary atherosclerosis: it allows quick, accurate, and non-invasive imaging and quantitative assessment of coronary lesions. Though the indications for MSCT has already defined, there still are contro-versies about its place in diagnostic strategy. The aim of our study was to picture the state-of-the-art MSCT capabilities, focusing on MSCT coronary angiography and its place in contemporary clinical medicine.

Reference

1.     Achenbach S. et. al. Top 10 indications forcoronary СТА. Supplement to Applied Radiology.2006; 35 (12): 22-31.

2.     Gaspar T., Halon R., Rubinshtein N. Clinicalapplications and future trends in cardiacСТА. Eur. Radiol. Suppl. 2005; 15 (l4): 10-14.

3.     Jacobs J.E. How to perform coronaryСТА: A to Z, Supplement to Applied Radiology.2006; 12: 10-17.

4.     Синицын В.Е., Воронов Д.А., Морозов С.П.Степень кальциноза коронарных артерийкак прогностический фактор осложнений сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний без клинических проявлений: результаты метаанализа. Терапевтический архив. 2006; 9: 22-27.

5.     Терновой С.К., Синицын В.Е., Гагарина Н.В. Неинвазивная диагностика атеросклероза и кальциноза коронарных артерий. М: Атмосфера. 2003; 144.

6.     Синицын В.Е., Устюжанин Д.В. КТ-ангиография коронарных артерий. Кардиология. 2006; 1: 20-25.

7.     Ehara M., Surmely J.F., Kawai M. et al.Diagnostic accuracy of 64-slice computedtomography for detecting angiographicallysignificant coronary artery stenosis in an unselected consecutive patient population:Comparison with conventional invasiveangiography. Circ.J. 2006; 70: 564-571.

8.     Leschka S. et al. Accuracy of MSCT coronaryangiography with 64-slice technology: firstexperience. Eur. Heart. J. 2005; 26: 1482-1487.

9.     Wann S. Cardiac CT for risk stratification,Supplement to Applied. Radiology. 2006; 12: 41-44.

10.   Hoffmann U., Moelewski F., Cury R.C. et al.Predictive value of 16-slice multidetector spiral computed tomography to detect significant obstructive coronary artery disease 17.in patients at high risk for coronary artery disease. Patient-versus segment-based analysis. Circulation. 2004; 110: 2638-2643.

11.   Rienmuller R., Brekke O., Kampenes V.B. et al. Dimeric versus monomeric nonionic contrast agents in visualization of coronary arteries. Eur.J. Radiol. 2001; 38 (3): 173-178.

12.   Dewey M. et al. Head-to head comparison of multislice computed tomography angiography and exercise electrocardiography for diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Eur. Heart. 2007; 10, 28 (20): 2485-2490.

13.   Schlosser T., Konorza T., Hunold P. et al. Noninvasive visualization of coronary artery bypass grafts using 16-detector row computed tomography. JACC. 2004; 44: 1224-1229.

14.   Chabbert V., Carrie D., Bennaceur M. et al. Evaluation of in-stent restenosis in proximal coronary arteries with multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). Eur Radiol. 2007; 17: 1452-1463.

15.   Schijf J.D., Bax J.J., Jukema J.W. et al. Feasibility of assessment of coronary stent patency using 16-slice computed tomography. Am.J. Cardiol. 2004; 94: 427-430.

16.   Mahnken A.H., Buecker A., WildbergerJ.E. et al. Coronary artery stents in multislice computed tomography: in vitro artefact evaluation. Invest Radiol. 2003; 39: 27-33.

17.   Cademartiri F., Marano R., Runza G. et al. Non-invasive assessment of coronary stent patency with multislice CT: preliminary experience. Radiol. Med. (Torino). 2005; 109 (5-6): 500-507.

Article exists only in Russian.

Abstract:

Modern radiodiagnostics of carotid arteries (CA) defeat has very important value in such patients' treatment tactics. CA reconstruction operations are based on 3 general factors - clinic and arterial blood flow lack in dynamics, special methods of extra- and intracrania brachial arteries diagnostics, risk of arterial blood flow lack. We have pointed indications for surgical prophylactics and necessary patients diagnostic methods. 

References 

 1.   Alsheikh-Ali A.A.  et al.  The  vulnerable atherosclerotic   plaque.    Scope    of   the literature. Ann. Intern. Med. 2010; 153 (6):       7. 387-395.

2.    Cohen  J.E.,   Itshayek   E.   Asymptomatic carotid  stenosis.   Natural  history  versus therapy. Isr. Med. Assoc. J. 2010;  12 (4): 237-242.

3.    Delgado Almandoz J.E. et al. Computed tomography angiography of the carotid and cerebral circulation. Radiol. Clin. North. Am. 2010; 48 (2): 265-281.

4.    Hebb M.O. et al. Perioperative ischemic complications of the brain after carotid endarterectomy. Neurosurgery. 2010; 67 (2): 286-293.

5.    Kar S. et al. Safety and efficacy of carotid stenting in individuals with concomitant severe carotid and aortic stenosis.   Eurolntervention.   2010;   6   (4): 492-497.

 6.   Naylor A.R. Managing patients with symptomatic coronary and carotid artery disease. Perspect.   Vasc.  Surg. Endovasc.Ther.  2010; 22 (2): 70-76.

7.    Pokrovsky  A.V.,   Bogatov  Yu.P.   Vascular surgery in Russia. Pages of history. Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg. 1997; 13 (2): 93-95.

8.    Rockman C., Riles T. Carotid artery disease: selecting   the   appropriate   asymptomatic patient for intervention. Perspect. Vasc. Surg. Endovasc. Ther. 2010; 22 (1): 30-37.

9.    Spence J.D. Secondary stroke prevention. Nat. Rev. Neurol. 2010; 6 (9): 477-486.

10.  Tallarita T., Lanzino G., Rabinstein A.A. Carotid   intervention   in   acute   stroke. Perspect.   Vasc.  Surg. Endovasc.   Ther. 2010;22 (1): 49-57.

11.  Tholen A.T. et al. Suspected carotid artery stenosis. Cost-effectiveness of CT angiography in work-up of patients with recent TIA or minor ischemic stroke. Radiology. 2010; 256 (2): 585-597.

12.  Walkup M.H., Faries P.L. Update on surgical management for asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Curr. Cardiol. Rep. 2010; 5.

Abstract:

Joint trauma is one of the major causes of the temporary disability in economically and socially active groups of population. Definitive preoperative diagnosis allows correct surgery planning, decrease sick-lists duiauon and niipiove quality of patients' life. MRI is the method of chice for pre-operative examination of the knee joint. However it is associated with high variability of diagnostic effectiveness. In this paper we focus on principal diagnostic errors of the technique and provide recommendations for the appropriate application of MRI on the basis of mul-ticentre experience.

References 

1.     Миронов С.П., Орлецкий А.К., Цыкунов М.Б Повреждения связок коленного сустава, М. 1999; 207.

2.    Миронова З.С., Фалех Ф.Ю. Артроскопия и артрография коленного сустава. М.: Медицина. 1982; 111.

3.    Сайт Американской академии хирургов-ортопедов - www.aaos.org

4.    Kocabey Y. al. The value of clinical examination versus magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of meniscet tears and anterior cruciate ligament rupture. Arthroscopy. 2004; 20 (7): 696-700.

5.    Vincken P.W. еt al. Effectiveness of MR imaging in selection of patients for arthroscopy of the knee. Radiology. 2002; 223 (3): 739-746.

6.    Терновой С.К., Синицын В.Е. Развитие компьютерной томографии и лучевой диагностики. Тер. архив. 2006; 1: 10-12.

7.    Krampla W. еt al. MRI of the knee: how do field strength and radiologist's experience influence diagnostic accuracy and interobser-ver correlation in assessing chondral and meniscal lesions and the integrity of the anterior cruciate ligament? Eur. Radiol. 2009; 19 (6): 1519-1528.

8.    Magee T., Shapiro M., Williams D. MR accuracy and arthroscopic incidence of meniscal radial tears. Skeletal. Radiol. 2002; 31 (12): 686-689.

9.    De Smet A.A., Graf B.K. Meniscal tears missed on MR imaging: relationship to meniscal tear patterns and anterior cruciate ligament tears. Am. J. Roentgenol. 1994; 162 (4): 905-911.